Putty is generally referred to as finished putty. Other names include Dabai, wall lining, Yi Guaping, scraping wall treasure, etc. it is mainly used to level the wall before brushing emulsion paint, wallpaper, diatom mud, etc., so as to provide protection for surface (decoration) materials.

在墻面成品膩子沒有商品化以前，內墻絕大部分都是聚乙烯醇煮出來的107 、108膠或白乳膠加雙飛粉自制成的膩子，少數一些的裝修工會在一桶料里加幾公斤白水泥。

Before the commercialization of finished putty on the wall, most of the interior walls were self-made putty made of 107 and 108 glue boiled with polyvinyl alcohol or white emulsion glue and Shuangfei powder. A few professional decoration trade unions added a few kilograms of white cement to a barrel of material.

這些現場調配的膩子，由于師傅一般都沒有精準的計量設備，可能會存在配比不合理、粘結度差、耐水差的問題，甚至可能導至的脫落、開裂、分層，特別是南風天時有些還隨水脫落、溶化。更重要的原因是107膠水的環保性太差而在2001年被叫停。

Because the master generally does not have accurate measuring equipment, these putty prepared on site may have problems such as unreasonable proportion, poor adhesion and poor water resistance, and may even lead to falling off, cracking and stratification, especially in the south wind, some of them fall off and dissolve with water. The more important reason is that 107 glue was stopped in 2001 because of its poor environmental protection.

成分構成那么市面上的膩子的配方由什么構成呢？我們看看這份成分表，當然不可能每個廠家的材料完全一致，但實際上也只是大同小異。

Composition: what constitutes the formula of putty on the market? Let's look at this composition list. Of course, it is impossible for each manufacturer to have the same materials, but in fact, they are only similar.

我們先了解一下他們的原料是什么，更好地認識膩子。

Let's first know what their raw materials are and have a better understanding of putty.

雙飛粉（部分地區叫大白粉），其實就是（超細重質）碳酸鈣，從天然的碳酸鈣石礦里面采集原料然后打粉制成。是膩子粉的重要的主要原料之一。

Shuangfei powder (called dabaifen in some areas) is actually (ultra-fine heavy) calcium carbonate, which is made from raw materials collected from natural calcium carbonate ore and then powdered. It is one of the important raw materials of putty powder.

膠粉使用廢舊橡膠制品經粉碎加工處理而得到的粉末狀橡膠材料。

Rubber powder is a powdered rubber material obtained by crushing and processing waste rubber products.

在膠粉出現之前，107膠水、羧甲基纖維素鈉(CMC)，作用是增稠、成膜、黏接、水分保持、膠體保護、乳化及懸浮等作用。大概可以理解為增加成品膩子的粘性。

Before the appearance of rubber powder, 107 glue and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) were used for thickening, film-forming, bonding, water retention, colloidal protection, emulsification and suspension. It can be roughly understood as increasing the viscosity of the finished putty.

灰鈣粉主要成分是氫氧化鈣（Ca(OH)2）和氧化鈣（CaO）及少量碳酸鈣（CaCO3）、主要作用是增白、使其更容易打磨、更容易批刮。

The main components of lime calcium powder are calcium hydroxide (Ca (OH) 2), calcium oxide (CAO) and a small amount of calcium carbonate (CaCO3). Its main function is to whiten, make it easier to polish and scrape.

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